Wednesday, February 16, 2011

Commodity Price Inflation - A Closer Look

World commodity price inflation continues to monopolize the headlines. We spotlighted this topic in January. Food inflation (and income inequality, and high youth unemployment) has sparked much of the recent violence in the developing world. A closer look is in order.

We hear that price hikes in food and energy stocks, past 12 months, are impoverishing folks in lesser developed countries. Mother nature had a hand in much of this. We just saw the worst drought in Russia and the Black Sea region for 130 years, lasting long enough to damage winter planting as well as the summer harvest. This was compounded by late rains in Canada, Nina disruptions in Argentina, plus increased US grain acreage for ethanol, so on and so on. For example, the world’s stocks-to-use ratio for corn is nearing a 30-year low of 12.8pc, according to Rabobank.

Next, we know the developing world is booming, or was. So this - world demand - adds pressure. But these conditions have existed before, even in tandem. What else is there? Why the spike? Many blame Bernanke. Let’s see.

Take China as an example.

Chinese consumers find themselves paying exorbitant prices for food stuffs. Here is the money portion of the equation: Everybody in the world wants to invest in China. The Fed’s printing a ton of “hot money” (money which does not come from an increase in wealth or consumer demand, but from the press) and since there’s no need for it in the US a heck of a lot of it headed for China. Coming on top of China’s massive trade surplus (in dollars) these inflows provide a migraine to the Bk of China. Why? A cheaper dollar makes their yuan more expensive; their exports shrink. So the gov’t mops up these dollars from exporters and banks and prints yuan for each dollar purchased. That’s a heck of a lot of yuan thrown on the domestic market.

This is fine for the chosen policy of mercantilism but tough on Chinese consumers. Their currency is depreciated; they pay more for cooking oil and wheat while their export industry prospers. The Chinese gov’t is sacrificing the consumer on the alter of trade by choosing to import US monetary policy. Other countries who cannot resort to currency management are doling out more subsidies for energy and food. This behavior runs the risk of stalling the recovery in the developing world.

So yes, if you inflate the world’s money supply by $1.5 trl nowadays, you can be pretty sure that you’ll spark prices on those global, auction-priced goods priced in $’s, such as food and energy. In the meantime Bernanke plods along, battling the deflationary ghost.


Robert Craven

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